Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: After menopause, an abrupt drop in estrogen levels happens, while ovary androgens secretion declines gradually with aging. This relative hyperandrogenism may lead to the development of hyperandrogenic symptoms. However, the development of marked hirsutism and/or symptoms/signs of virilization, make necessary a detailed study in order to rule out tumorous cause (from adrenal glands or ovaries).Case report: 58 years old woman with progressive...

Introduction: Various thyroid imaging reporting and data systems (TIRADS) have been proposed in recent years, such as the EU-TIRADS proposed by the European Thyroid Association (ETA). These classification systems intend to estimate the malignancy risk of thyroid nodules, however they are very much based on suspicious ultrasound (US) features typical of papillary thyroid cancer. As such, follicular carcinomas may be reported as low suspicion nodules. Our work aims to evaluate t...

Introduction: Dapagliflozin is an oral antidiabetic drug, recently approved for type 2 diabetes and is a sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitor (iSGLT2). Its mechanism of action is glycosuria induction, associated with lowering glycemia. The effects of SGLT2 inhibition are insulin-independent, and efficacy is not affected by declining β-cell function or insulin resistance. Additional benefits: weight loss, reduction in blood pressure, lower inciden...

IntroductionDyslipidemia is a major cardiovascular risk factor, being its detection and control essential due to risk of serious complications. Numerous trials have demonstrated its relationship with T2D, but it has not been so well studied in T1D.ObjectiveTo obtain information about relationship between dyslipidemia and T1D and analyze its prevalence and control in a sample of patients.<p class="abstext"...

Introduction: ALS is a neurodegenerative disease with a high prevalence of malnutrition. Nutritional diagnosis is important because of its prognostic implication.Objective: To determine the clinical and morphofunctional characteristics in a series of patients with ALS.Materials and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study of patients seen at the multidisciplinary ALS clinic of the Hospital Puerta del Mar (Cádiz).<p class...

Introduction: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is present in a high percentage of obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery (BS), being an effective strategy for the remission of MAFLD. A significant proportion of patients still have steatohepatitis even after considerable weight loss and metabolic improvements. Liver biopsy remains the definitive test to classify a patient with steatohepatitis, but it is an invasive test. The use of non-invasive ...

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency is a common health problem worldwide, particularly in elderly patients. Vitamin D is considered a key hormone in mineral and bone metabolism, as well as in functions such as the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation, its immunoregulatory activity, its effect on the cardiovascular system and its neuroprotective and anti-ageing effects, among others. Hypovitaminosis D has been linked in multiple studies to a higher incidence and ...

Introduction: Giant prolactinomas (diameter >4 cm) account for less than 5% of all prolactinomas and are usually associated with markedly elevated prolactin (PRL) levels. Despite their benign nature, these tumors can be invasive, potentially leading to mass effect symptoms in affected patients.Case Report: We report a case of a 40-year-old male admitted to the emergency department with a one-week history of headaches, right palpebral edema, and ptosi...

Introduction: Percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) or thyroid enolisation is a minimally invasive technique applicable to benign cystic thyroid nodules, not adhered to neighbouring structures, due to local compressive symptoms or aesthetic discomfort. Classically, the treatment of choice for these nodules has been simple aspiration, followed by surgery in refractory cases. Currently, PEI has emerged as an alternative to surgery due to its high efficacy, speed, safety, low rate...

Type 2 diabetes is among the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide. Further research is needed to identify new mechanisms that may help preserve the function of insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells. The cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1) and their endogenous ligands, endocannabinoids, exert a key role in regulating of glucose homeostasis, β-cells function, and insulin secretion. Intriguingly, CB1 is not only located at the plasma membrane (pmCB1), but also at the...